El uso de IA como tecnología de apoyo en la formación profesional policial en seguridad marítima: Un mapeo sistemático de la literatura

Gonzalo Raúl Farinón; Nora Susana Segovia; Carlos Gerardo Neil

doi:10.37431/conectividad.v7i1.353

Autores/as

Gonzalo Raúl Farinón Universidad Abierta Interamericana https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9075-6149
Nora Susana Segovia Investigadora independiente https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4531-5919
Carlos Gerardo Neil Universidad Abierta Interamericana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2207-1665

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37431/conectividad.v7i1.353

Palabras clave:

offline, tutor virtual, brecha digital, LLM, Retención estudiantil, marco socio-técnico, equidad educativa

Resumen

Contexto: El personal policial especializado en seguridad marítima y fronteriza enfrenta dificultades para acceder a formación continua debido a la escasa conectividad en zonas remotas. Esta situación profundiza la brecha digital, reduce oportunidades de ascenso, evidenciando la necesidad de soluciones tecnológicas adaptadas a contextos con baja o nula conectividad. Objetivo: Identificar el estado del arte sobre tutores virtuales offline basados en modelos de lenguaje ligeros (LLM), evaluando su viabilidad como herramienta educativa para reducir brechas digitales y mejorar el desempeño en instituciones de seguridad marítima. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Google Scholar (2015–2025), centrada en estudios sobre IA offline, LLM y formación en entornos con conectividad limitada. El análisis incluyó selección por etapas, evaluación metodológica y extracción de datos estructurada. Resultados: Los estudios muestran mejoras en retención académica (hasta un 30%), disminución de tareas repetitivas docentes y mayor cobertura formativa. También se destacan desafíos técnicos y éticos, como la actualización periódica y el manejo de sesgos algorítmicos. Conclusiones: Los tutores virtuales offline basados en LLM son una opción viable para fortalecer la formación remota, siempre que se integren considerando aspectos sociotécnicos, éticos y pedagógicos.

Biografía del autor/a

Gonzalo Raúl Farinón, Universidad Abierta Interamericana

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